Health Risks Type 2 Diabetes

Based on your genetics, your genetic predisposition for Type 2 Diabetes is

Normal
6.06
0%
1.53
19.43
100%

What does this mean?

 Your genotypes indicate that you have a typical risk for type 2 diabetes.

How Is Your Genetic Risk Calculated?

Your genetic risk assessment is

6.06

This result is based on the SNPs(single nucleotide polymorphism)that are associated with Type 2 Diabetes.

Genes
Your Genotype
What it means?
Genes: CDKN2A/2B_upstream
Your Genotype: CT
What it means? Increased risk
Genes: IGF2BP2_intron2.2
Your Genotype: AA
What it means? Typical
Genes: TCF7L2_intron3.1
Your Genotype: AA
What it means? Typical
Genes: TCF7L2_intron3.2
Your Genotype: CC
What it means? Typical
Genes: PPARG_intron
Your Genotype: CG
What it means? Increased risk
Genes: TCF7L2_intron4
Your Genotype: GG
What it means? Typical
Genes: FTO_intron1.4
Your Genotype: CC
What it means? Typical
Genes: SLC30A8
Your Genotype: TT
What it means? Typical
Genes: Intergenic
Your Genotype: AC
What it means? Increased risk
Genes: HHEX_intergenic2
Your Genotype: AA
What it means? Typical
Genes: PPARG_exon4
Your Genotype: CC
What it means? Increased risk
Genes: CDKAL1_intron5.3
Your Genotype: CG
What it means? Increased risk
Genes: CDKAL1_intron5.1
Your Genotype: AG
What it means? Increased risk
Genes: KCNJ11
Your Genotype: CC
What it means? Typical
Genes: HHEX_intergenic1
Your Genotype: CT
What it means? Increased risk
Genes: IGF2BP2_intron2.1
Your Genotype: GG
What it means? Typical
Genes: CDKAL1_intron5.4
Your Genotype: AG
What it means? Increased risk
Genes: CDKAL1_intron5.2
Your Genotype: AC
What it means? Increased risk
Genes: IL6
Your Genotype: GG
What it means? Increased risk
Genes: Intergenic
Your Genotype: CC
What it means? Increased risk
!

Limitations

This report does not diagnose any health conditions or provide medical advice. This should not be used as a diagnostic tool.
This result is limited to existing scientific research.
Please consult with a healthcare professional before making any major lifestyle changes or if you have any other concerns about your results.

What is Type 2 Diabetes?

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is characterized by high blood sugar (hyperglycemia), insulin resistance, and relative insulin deficiency. In type 2 DM, it becomes increasingly difficult for the body's cells to absorb and use the insulin effectively.

The severity of diabetes can vary quite a bit: Some people only need to make minor changes to their lifestyle such as maintain healthy weight and perform more exercise to manage their diabetes. However, some people who have type 2 diabetes would require long-term treatment that involves taking tablets or insulin. This type of DM is primarily due to the interaction between genetics and lifestyle factors.

How It Affects Your Body

The excess blood sugar in diabetes patients can cause health complications. It can severely damage the eyes, kidneys, nerves, and other body parts and doubles the risk of heart attack and stroke. It also impairs our body’s regeneration potential, slowing down healing.

The nerve damage and low healing is the main cause of diabetes complications affecting our limbs. Nerve damage allows damage to go undetected, leading to infection. Reduced healing causes these infections to progress which leads to major tissue damage. Sugar possesses oxidative potential, increasing oxidative stress at high sustained levels. This causes a cascade of complications resulting in tissue damage and compromised systemic functions.

Symptoms

Risk Factors Can Influence The Risk of Developing Type 2 diabetes

Genetics are NOT the only risk factor for Type 2 Diabetes.
Type 2 Diabetes is believed to be caused by a combination of environmental, genetic and lifestyle factors. Now that you have learnt about your genetic risk, you can determine how aggressively you need to make lifestyle changes to reduce your risk.
The earlier in your life that you commit to living a healthy lifestyle, the more you can reduce your risk for or delay the development of Type 2 Diabetes.

History of Gestational Diabetes

Having a history of gestational diabetes or giving birth to a baby weighing 4kg or more, is one of the risk factors for type 2 diabetes.

Cholesterol Levels

Risk of developing type 2 diabetes increases in individuals who have a low level of HDL (good) cholesterol, or a high level of triglycerides.

Family History

Individuals with more than one relative with diabetes or with younger maternal diagnoses had an even higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes.

Age

The risk of type 2 diabetes increases as you get older, especially after age 45.

Weight

You are more likely to develop type 2 diabetes if you are overweight or obese.

Suggested Lifestyle Changes

Dietary Recommendations:

  1. Aim to have an enriching diet with higher cereal fiber and low in calories, for example, whole grains, fruits, and vegetables.
  2. Substitute refined sugar with low-calorie sweeteners in your daily beverages.
  3. Consume carbohydrates with a low or medium Glycemic Index (GI). Typically low and moderate GI food are corn, sweet potatoes, dried beans, kidney beans, barley, quinoa, fruits, greens, non-starchy vegetables, brown rice, pita bread.
  4. Cut down processed foods that are high in sodium (canned food, fast food, fried food), added sugar ( baked good, sweetened beverages), and saturated fats (red meat, butter, cheese). Stick with whole, fresh, and minimally processed foods.
  5. Frequent, small meals can help to slow down the absorption of food, decrease blood sugar levels after meals, and reduce insulin requirement during the course of the day.
  6. Reduce consumption of calorie-rich foods in large portions as they increase the risk of developing insulin resistance (IR) and subsequently diabetes.
  7. Increase protein proportions while reducing carbohydrate proportions. Proteins require smaller portions to supply the same amount of calories compared to carbs. It also requires more energy to digest, reducing the glycemic load.

Lifestyle Recommendations:

  1. Maintain healthy body weight. Obese and overweight individuals are at a higher risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
  2. Do not smoke as smoking is associated with increased insulin resistance, inflammation, and dyslipidemia. Studies have shown that smoking increases the risk of developing diabetes.
  3. Reduce alcohol consumption to 1 to 2 servings a day. Alcohol beverages such as wines and beers contain sugar which can increase blood sugar levels. Alcohol also taxes the liver, lowering its ability to maintain blood sugar levels.

Exercise Recommendations:

  1. Incorporate 30-60 minutes of medium intensity exercises at least 3 to 5 times a week. Examples of exercises are cycling, swimming, and competitive sports.
  2. Incorporate resistance training such as weight lifting and bodyweight exercises at least 3 times a week.

Result Explanation Recommendations:

  1. Regular exercise can help to promote strength and flexibility to the joints and muscles.
  2. Exercising is an effective way to reduce and manage stressful thoughts, which will reduce the frequency of flare-ups.
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